Infectious Disease Evidence Evolution

5 evidence evolution narratives tracing how landmark trials and guideline updates reshaped infectious disease practice.

HIV PrEP Revolution

From daily pills to twice-yearly shots

Barrier methods → TDF/FTC (iPrEx 2010) → daily pill → CAB-LA injectable → lenacapavir (PURPOSE)

Shorter is usually better

10-14 day standard → pneumonia shorter → UTI 3-5 days → bacteremia (BALANCE) → procalcitonin-guided

Beyond the last resort

Carbapenem-only → colistin toxicity → ceftazidime-avibactam → ceftolozane-tazobactam → cefiderocol

Pandemic drug development at speed

Hydroxychloroquine → RECOVERY dexamethasone (2020) → remdesivir → nirmatrelvir → baricitinib → lessons

Evolving the antifungal shield

Fluconazole → itraconazole → posaconazole (Cornely 2007) → isavuconazole → rezafungin